WANG Hao, TANG Kewang, JIA Yangwen, et. al
Background
In order to improve the capacity to combat against pollution risk and improve the river ecological status of the Songhua River Basin, the National Water Pollution Control and Treatment Science and Technology Major Project has established this task in its sub-project, the Songhua River Project, aiming to establish a scientific and technical system for ecological dispatching in water conservancy and hydropower projects, and for a multi-level pollution prevention and control, with the assistance of researched and studies. Thus, we can prevent accidents caused by pollutions, improve water quality, repair river ecosystems and conserve our rivers.
Content
With the target to maintain safety and health of the river and following the principle of systematic governance and multi-dimensional regulation, we developed 4 key technologies.
In this way, we established a comprehensive system for hydrological process control technologies for risk prevention and control of water environment in cold areas, which provided important technological support for ecological dispatch management system in water conservancy projects
Application
The whole process of water and salt regulation and ecological restoration technology in small drainage area has been applied to the small and medium river control project in the Heidingzi River small drainage area in Shuangyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, and has achieved significant ecological and environmental benefits. After the demonstration project was implemented, the COD and ammonia nitrogen concentrations in the small drainage area decreased by 22.6~33.3%, and the biodiversity and the river health status was significantly improved.
Major technological Innovation and Contribution
We developed an ecological water demand process calculation technology that reflects the characteristics of the cold basin area, established a hydrological standard for the ecological restoration of the Songhua River; developed an ecological dispatching system for the Songhua River Basin water conservancy project, which strongly supported the dispatching and management of the river basin water conservancy project. We set up multi-level emergency prevention and control dispatching technology and platform for water pollution, improved the response capability to environmental incidents in the basin and established a watershed regulation and ecological restoration technology system for small watersheds, which has important demonstration significance for promoting the construction of clean small watersheds in China.
Results and Scientific Output
The intellectual property rights of the research projects got 9 national invention patents, 45 professional articles, 8 monographs, and 6 software copyrights. They are gradually being applied to other river basins across the country through various channels.
Economic Benefits
The system established during the construction of the project can reduce the risk of accidents in the basin, improve water quality, conserve river ecosystem and reduce economic losses caused by incidents caused by pollution.
Social Benefits
We suggested the Songliao River Basin Water Resources Protection Bureau “to strengthen ecological dispatching in the basin and to conserve Songhua River”. It is also suggested that bureau enhance and improve on all fronts the supervision on the water environment governance and protection of the Songliao basin, in conjunction with the ongoing reform of national government institutions.
Environmental Benefits
The system established during the construction of the project can reduce the risk of accidents in the basin, improve water quality, conserve river ecosystem and reduce economic losses caused by incidents caused by pollution.
Ecological Benefits
Following the promulgated technical standards of river ecological water demand, this paper proposes the ecological flow standards of 57 main control sections of Songhua River in combination with the characteristics of cold basin area. These standards have been used as an important reference for decision making during water quality management in the basin, and are incorporated in the framework of water quantity dispatching in non-flooding seasons and of integrated water resources management.
Ecological flow cross-section of Songhua River
Ecological scheduling system for basin-wide water projects
Multi-level emergency pollution prevention and control system for Songhua River
Whole-process (village-farmland-channel-river-lock) water-salt controlling demonstration
